World for two6/24/2023 ![]() Its risk-based approach allows regulators to slot new application areas into existing risk categories as AI’s uses evolve, providing a balance between flexibility and regulatory certainty. This framework strikes a balance between the dual imperatives of providing predictability and keeping pace with AI developments. Furthering its ability to act in more context-specific ways, the EU is also pairing the requirements in the AI Act with co-regulatory strategies such as regulatory sandboxes, an updated liability policy to deal with the challenges of AI, and associated legislation focused on data, market structures, and online platforms. In effect, the AI Act uses a single piece of horizontal legislation to fix the broad scope of what applications of AI are to be regulated, while allowing domain- and context-aware bodies like courts, standards bodies, and developers to determine exact parameters and compliance strategies. Once in force, years of work by courts, national regulators, and the technical standards bodies will clarify precisely how the AI Act will apply in different contexts. This makes technical standards a key piece of the AI Act: they are where the general provisions described in legislation are translated into precise requirements for AI systems. The easiest way for developers to satisfy these mandates will be for them to adhere to technical standards that are being formulated by European standards-setting bodies. The AI Act vaguely defines “essential requirements” for each risk tier, placing different constraints on each category. Matt Sheehan is a fellow at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, where his research focuses on global technology issues, with a specialization in China’s artificial intelligence ecosystem. The majority of AI uses are classified as “minimal risk” and subject only to voluntary measures. Applications seen as “limited risk” (emotion detection and chatbots, for instance) face only transparency requirements. “High risk” applications that pose a threat to safety or fundamental rights (think law enforcement or hiring procedures) are subject to certain pre- and post-market requirements. Applications deemed to pose an “unacceptable risk” (such as social scoring and certain types of biometrics) are banned. At its core, the AI Act groups AI applications into four risk categories, each of which is governed by a predefined set of regulatory tools. The EU’s approach to AI governance centers on one central piece of legislation. By digging into these two experiments in AI governance, policymakers can begin to draw out lessons for their own regulatory approaches. But the EU’s AI Act leans horizontal and China’s algorithm regulations incline vertically. Neither the EU nor China is taking a purely horizontal or vertical approach to governing AI. In a vertical strategy, policymakers take a bespoke approach, creating different regulations to target different applications or types of AI. In a horizontal approach, regulators create one comprehensive regulation that covers the many impacts AI can have. > transp_odbc_sqlite3.When policymakers sit down to develop a serious legislative response to AI, the first fundamental question they face is whether to take a more “horizontal” or “vertical” approach. > Reading data section from transp_odbc_sqlite3.mod. > Reading model section from transp_odbc_sqlite3.mod. > Parameter(s) specified in the command line: > sufficient enough to run MathProg in Mac OS. > Andrew, I think support for iODBC in Mac OS X compilation is > Mac OS X 10.6 in computer store yesterday). > everybody in Mac OS X use iODBC anyway. > However, I am looking at /usr/lib in Mac OS X 10.5.8, there is no > "libodbc.so" and replaced it with libodbc.dylib. > Andrew, how to I use this patch? What file should I be looking for > Variant: odbc description /lib/libodbc.dylib|g" > last year but I did get a reply) still 4.39. > "Macports" uses this patch for glpk (I emailed the maintainer of glpk It uses *.dylib instead of *.so for unix and linux. > It seems that Mac OS X have is own naming convention for shared configure -enable-dl -enable-dl=dlfcn -enable-odbc=unix ![]() > I am trying to run my transp_odbc_sqlite3.mod in Mac OS X. I forget to mentioned that I installed iodbc and sqlite3 odbc driver ![]() "sudo ln -s /usr/lib/libiodbc.dylib /usr/lib/libodbc.so" * ODBC shared library name if this feature is enabled */
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